Club PAPI TIJUANA here we goooo......

Well, there are a lot of different answers.  All in all, I would go with these two:

Hitler needed a scapegoat, so he targeted various political minorities, the two groups suffering most greatly being the Jews and the Gypsies.  Others included blacks, gays, handicapped, and members of the communist party

the first two probably suffered the worst, due to great hatred towards the two groups built up in Europe.

It's because Hitler wanted the world to be the same, he did not want anyone different in his world.

He got rid of Jews because they had a different Religion than he did.

He also wanted to get rid of Homosexuals because they liked the same sex and Hitler did not think that was right even though he was an Homosexual.  

Hitler wanted a perfect world that he like. He did not care if others were happy he wanted it his way.  Hitler wanted to be like a 'GOD' and rule a world with his own people and they would act and wear what he wanted them to. It would all be perfect in his eyes.  His world was not going to happen so he shot himself in the head because he knew what he was doing was wrong.

It is like a large check mark on the calendar, a pointer aimed at 13.0.0.0.0, the "End Date" of the Mayan Long Count Calendar. From the Mayan point of view, this is the "End of Days." It is so significant that the calendar just comes to a stop. It is like having an alarm set when it's time to take your medicine.

This date is also December 21, 2012, the day of the Winter Solstice.

But what is this check mark trying to tell us?

What medicine are we suppose to remember to take? 

The Mayan calendar was started in 3113 BC. But, most of the documents that could tell us what this calendar was for were destroyed long ago. In Mesoamerica, South America and on Easter Island, zealot priests destroyed almost all the written documents (stupid).Before that the library at Alexandria in Egypt was distorted by fire, several times. Almost all ancient history books in China were destroyed on the order of a dying emperor. 

 Someone does not seem to want us to know where we come from or where we are going???

Yet not all was lost…. Writings on stone, lost to the world when the past was being destroyed, have since been found. In Mesopotamia were found thousands of clay tablets. On these tablets is the description of a society in which the government, economy and religion was controlled by one organization. This organization is a family of fallen gods .In Mesoamerica, the writings are on the temples, altars and other stone structures. Even better, in Mesoamerica, there still live the descendants of these ancient people. There are those that still follow the ancient ways.

So here we are. Someone put this big check mark on the calendar. 12-21-2012*

Will it be the end of everything? Or will it be the dawning of the age of Aquarius? No one really knows. One thing's for sure, though. December 21st of the year 2012 is the day time as we know it will end.

So at least claim the Maya's, that ancient civilization that lived in the Mesoamerica's since 2,600 BC. The Maya's had an extremely complicated method of keeping track of time, based on three separate calendars. The most important, most encompassing of these calendars holds the ..Long Count': the period from the beginning until the end of time. And on December 21st 2012, the Long Count expires. It will be point zero. Time will be up for the Universe. It will be, literally, the end of days.

Big deal, you might say. Still, there's a couple of very interesting (and disturbing) facts about the Maya calendar's end. Most intriguing, 21-12-2012 is not a day like any other. Up in the sky, an extraordinary and incredibly rare event will take place. The Sun will move to a unique spot in the sky -- and hold still for a while, since it is solstice day. The Sun will sit precisely on the heavenly crossroads between the Milky Way and the galactic equinox, forming a perfect alignment with the center of the galaxy.

Er... what?

Well: the night time sky is crossed by several mathematical lines. One is the axis of the Milky Way -- the Milky Way, as you may know, being that bright band of stars you can see running across the heavens on a clear night. Another important line is the cosmological ecliptic: the axis along which the constellations travel, the line that defines coordinates in space.

You can say a lot about the Maya, but you've got to hand it to them: they knew a hell of a lot about stars. For instance, they calculated the exact duration of a year to a thousandth of a decimal point, much more precise than any Greek or enlightened philosopher ever did. Also, they were able to predict every solar and lunar eclipse until this day. And obviously, they knew where the galactic equinox and the exact middle of the Milky Way lay: they called this crossing ..the Sacred Tree'.

More disturbing, the Maya's were awfully good at astrology, too. Mysteriously, they predicted in what year their civilization would be overrun by foreigners coming from over the seas. Legend has it they even predicted the world wars. So if a Maya tells you the world will end in 2012, you'd better take it seriously.

But actually, the Maya's never predicted anything concrete about 2012. That may have something to do with our ill knowledge about Maya culture: when the Spanish ransacked the land, they burnt literally every Maya book they could find. Only a handful of scriptures survived. And in them, there's not a clue about what happens when the Maya calendar ends.

So what awaits us in 2012 basically is an open question. And as with so many open questions, countless doom preachers, semi-prophets and other crackpots pop up to provide an answer. The interpretation you hear most: 2012 will mark the coming of a new, glorious age of wisdom and peace. It will be Age Of Aquarius at last, with a world full of peace, love and understanding.

The reasoning behind this is actually not that stupid. The Maya's didn't really believed in endings: their conception of time was circular, with every end being the beginning of something new. So, 2012 shouldn't be an exception.

Also, the Maya's had a highly developed philosophy of the cosmos. They saw the cosmos as the true mother of things. Consequently, the Maya's thought the cosmos is all around us, and within us. Every plant, every animal, every man is sheer Cosmos.

So, New Age philosophers say, December 21st 2012 will be the day on which this inner cosmos is reconnected to the divine outer cosmos. The Sun will mount its unique position to  form a ..gateway' between the Universe and the souls of every living creature on Earth. Our linear conception of time will crumble, and with it, fear and hatred will vanish. It will be purification at it's very best, when everyone is soaked in cosmic understanding and divine love.

So there it is: on December 20th, you'll kick your dog, yell at your spouse and cheat on cards. But a day later, you'll be calmed down into a peaceful dude with nothing but love and understanding to guide you in life. Even though it's mid-winter, it'll be summer of love for all humanity.

Other doomsayers foresee doom and destruction. December 21st will be the day the Earth will be destroyed. Some think it will be because of some nuclear war, some say it will be because it's biblical judgment day. Even others take the ending of the Maya calendar more literally, and claim the Universe will just cease to exist. Zzzzp!, gone.

There's something to be said in favor of such sinister scenario's, too. The Maya divided their Long Count into five lumps of time, called Great Cycles. And every cycle had a well defined end. For example, after period number one, a Jaguar came by and ate everyone on Earth. Well, it's the Maya saying this, not me!

The second cycle ended in air, the third in fire, the fourth in flood. And what about the last period, the stretch of time we're in? The Earth will be destroyed by earthquakes, is the interpretation some scholars give to the etchy-sketchy remains of the Maya culture. That needs emphasizing, because the last word on Maya timekeeping isn't said yet: almost every year new books on the issue are published.

So, what are we to make of it all? Will it be time's up in 2012? Well: we at Exit Mundi wouldn't bet on it.

Don't forget: there are many, many religions predicting some kind of end to the world. And the Maya prediction attracts a lot of attention now, merely because their end date is so well-defined, and because the Maya Deadline is only a couple of time-ticks away.

And what about that awesome phenomenon of the Sun sitting in the heart of the Tree of Life? Well, that happened before. The Sun passes the Tree every 25,800 years. That's a lot of years, but since the Earth exists for an astonishing 4,5 billion years, the Earth survived the ..divine event' more than 150,000 times already!

April 23, 1984: AIDS Virus Disclosed, and a Premature Promise Made

1984: The discovery of the virus responsible for causing acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or AIDS, is announced Margaret Heckler, President Reagan's secretary of health and human services.

Heckler's announcement came with the tantalizing prospect that an effective vaccine for AIDS might only be a few years away. She later admitted she had made a serious miscalculation in essentially promising the vaccine. She claimed to have made the forecast based on what she had been told by NIH virologist Robert Gallo.

Gallo was considered, for a time, the foremost expert on the fatal syndrome, although his reputation was tarnished by allegations that he falsified data in order to beat a French rival to the claim of having discovered the AIDS virus.

As the body count mounted, Gallo and Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute took turns attacking one another until Montagnier was able to prove that Gallo had been using a specimen from the French laboratory at the time of his "discovery." Gallo was forced to concede the point.

Twenty-three years on, the world is still waiting for a cure.

Biografía

Gallo nació en Waterbury, Connecticut en una familia de inmigrantes italianos de clase trabajadora. Obtuvo un grado en Biología en 1959 y recibió su título de medicina en el Jefferson Medical College de Philadelphia, Pennsylvania en 1963. Después de terminar su formación médica e internado en la Universidad de Chicago, se convirtió en investigador del Instituto Nacional del Cancer. La elección de Gallo fue influenciada por la temprana muerte de su hermana por leucemia, una enfermedad a la cual dedicó gran parte de su investigación inicial.

Carrera científica

Después de escuchar una charla hecha por el biólogo David Baltimore, Gallo se interesó en el estudio de los retrovirus humanos. En 1974 identificó el primer retrovirus en humanos: el virus de leucemia de células t en humanos, o HTLV.

En 1984, Gallo y sus colaboradores publicaron un artículo en la revista Science argumentando que el VIH, un retrovirus que había sido identificado recientemente en pacientes con SIDA por Luc Montagnier y sus colaboradores en el Instituto Pasteur de París, Francia, era la causa del SIDA.

Gallo se atribuyó los méritos del descubrimiento ante la comunidad internacional con el objetivo de apropiarse de los derechos de patente. Como consecuencia, Montagnier acusó públicamente a Gallo de haber utilizado una muestra de la investigación francesa (ver sección de críticas). El propio Instituto Nacional de Salud de EEUU inició una investigación al respecto y en 1992 emitió una resolución en la que descalificaba la conducta de Gallo. Hoy, la comunidad internacional reconoce a Luc Montagnier como verdadero descubridor el VIH.

En 1996, Gallo publicó su descubrimiento de que las citoquinas, una clase de compuestos producidos en el organismo naturalmente, pueden bloquear el virus y alterar la progresión del SIDA. Este fue anunciado en la revista Science como uno de los descubrimientos más importantes, en el mismo año de su publicación, pero aun no se establece su implicación en posibles beneficios terapéuticos. reference El papel protectivo de las citoquinas se cree que tiene potencial en el posible desarrollo de vacunas(ver: Plantilla:Journal reference issue.)

Actualmente, Gallo se desempeña como director del Instituto de Virología Humana, institución afiliada a la Universidad de Maryland, Baltimore.

Críticas y acusaciones

Por la comunidad gay

El Dr. Gallo ha recibido críticas de la comunidad gay debido a puntos de vista expresados por él en el libro y película basada en el mismo And the Band Played On, escrito por Randy Shilts.

Por Luc Montagnier

También ha habido fuertes controversias sobre la honestidad del Dr. Gallo al anunciar su descubrimiento del VIH. Luc Montagnier le acusó de haberle robado la prioridad del descubrimiento, al presentar como aisladas por él (Gallo) mismo las muestras de LAV (nombre inicial del VIH) que Montagnier, trabajando para el Instituto Pasteur, le mandó como gesto de buena voluntad entre científicos. Montagnier relata pormenorizadamente estos hechos en su libro "Sobre virus y hombres".

Hoy generalmente se acepta que el grupo de Montagnier fue el primero en identificar el virus, pero el grupo de Gallo contribuyó significativamente a demostrar que causa el SIDA. Además, el trabajo de Montagnier se basó en una técnica previamente desarrollada por Gallo para el cultivo de linfocitos T en el laboratorio. Esta técnica se convirtió en la base para las técnicas de detección de VIH en muestras sanguíneas. Los dos científicos continuaron sus disputas hasta 1985, cuando finalmente concuerdan en compartir el crédito, y dividir las regalías de los tests a medias entre el estado francés (patrocinador del Instituto Pasteur) y el estado norteamericano (patrocinador de Gallo).

Se ha acusado también al NIH (National Institutes of Health) norteamericano de encubrir a Gallo en su supuesto robo hacia Montagnier, para permitir así al gobierno norteamericano regalías por todas las patentes relacionadas con el VIH. Ver relato pormenorizado en los libros: Science Fictions:A Scientific Mystery, A Massive Cover-Up y The Dark Legacy of Robert Gallo.^]

Con respecto al protocolo científico

El 23 de abril de 1984 Gallo anunció en una rueda de prensa internacional y en presencia de la secretaria norteamericana de Sanidad (equivalente a Ministra de Sanidad) que había hallado "la causa probable del SIDA".

En ese mismo día registró la patente del test para el VIH.

23 April is a symbolic date for world literature for on this date in 1616, Cervantes, Shakespeare and Inca Garcilaso de la Vega all died. It is also the date of birth or death of other prominent authors such as Maurice Druon, Haldor K.Laxness, Vladimir Nabokov, Josep Pla and Manuel Mejía Vallejo. 

It was a natural choice for UNESCO's General Conference, held in Paris in 1995, to pay a world-wide tribute to books and authors on this date, encouraging everyone, and in particular young people, to discover the pleasure of reading and gain a renewed respect for the irreplaceable contributions of those who have furthered the social and cultural progress of humanity. In this respect, UNESCO created both the World Book and Copyright Day and the UNESCO Prize for Children's and Young People's Literature in the Service of Tolerance. 

....

Día Internacional del Libro

El Día Internacional del Libro es una conmemoración a los libros y los derechos de autor , promulgado por la UNESCO que se celebra cada 23 de abril desde 1996 en varios paises, siendo en 2008 más de un centenar.^[1]

En varios países de habla castellana, como Cuba, se celebra este día como el Día del idioma, diferente del Día Internacional de la lengua materna celebrado el 21 de febrero.