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"...Jaynes notes that many people perceive their own thought processes as a kind of dialogue between the 'self' and another internal protagonist inside their head. Nowadays we understand that both 'voices' are our own — or if we don't we are treated as mentally ill. This happened, briefly, to Evelyn Waugh. Never one to mince words, Waugh remarked to a friend: 'I haven't seen you for a long time, but then I've seen so few people because — did you know? — I went mad.' After his recovery Waugh wrote a novel, The Ordeal of Gilbert Pinfold, which described his hallucinatory period, and the voices he heard.
Jaynes's suggestion is that some time before 1000 BC people in general were unaware that the second voice — the Gilbert Pinfold voice — came from within themselves. They thought the Pinfold voice was a god: Apollo, say, or Astarte or Yahweh or, more probably, a minor household god, offering them advice or orders. Jaynes even located the voices of the gods in the opposite hemisphere of the brain from the one that controls audible speech. The 'breakdown' of the bicameral mind' was, for Jaynes, a historical transition. It was the moment in history when it dawned on people that the external voices that they seemed to be hearing were really internal. Jaynes even goes so far as to define this historical transition as the dawning of human consciousness.
There is an ancient Egyptian inscription about the creator god Ptah, which describes the various other gods as variations of Ptah's 'voice' or 'tongue'. Modern translations reject the literal 'voice' and interpret the other gods as 'objectified conceptions of [Ptah's] mind.' Jaynes dismisses such educated readings, preferring to take the literal meaning seriously. The gods were hallucinated voices, speaking inside people's heads. Jaynes further suggests that such gods evolved from memories of dead kings, who still, in a manner of speaking, retained control over their subjects via imagined voices in their heads. Whether or not you find this tthesis plausible, Jaynes's book is intriguing enough to earn its mention in a book on religion."
Richard Dawkins in The God Delusion, pgs. 350-351
8:07 AM
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